Wednesday, February 2, 2011

GUTENBERG GALAXY

With the arrival of the printing press, a wave of change engulfed the human race from the way we learn, the way we look at things  to the way we communicate with each other. In McLuhan's book, he analysed the  effect of these changes on the human race  and even predicted a more dramatic change with the arrival of "electronic media".

McLuhan divided man's communinacation medium into 3 eras and  they are namely :


  1. Oral era
  2. Manuscript era
  3. Gutenberg era
  4. Electronic era
In the oral era, McLuhan takes us back to the period where folklore, chants and tales were the only medium  of record - keeping and commuication. Every society around the world has its way of keeping historical records by the rendition of folk songs, folklores or even by chanting incantations. This type of communication still exists in many of our socities. Many religious organisations still have modes of worships in form prayers, chants and even dance that have survived hundreds of centuries; Children still sing rhymes and poems that have tranceded several generations and are still a very important part of their curricullum.

Manuscript era came with advent of writing.  It was reserved for the elites, religious leaders and the policy-makers of that period. Many philosophers spoke against the culture of writing as they felt it will make man forget one of his most "intelligent " attributes : memorizing. This era does not include the eras of hieroglyphics , drawings and paintings that was in use during the wholly - oral era. The manuscript era eventually became a double-edged era, on the positive side, many information that eventually became useful later on were recorded in writing; these informations would have ended up as a folklore which would in turn be inaccurate or would have been totally lost. On the negative side, the human race lost one of its most defining talents: memorising. The  manuscript era which McLuhan also called " The Scribal era" also helped in the compilation of many books especially the bible. For many years it was a form of art reserved for the elites.

Gutenberg era arrived when a  businessman from Mainz , Germany, Johannes  Gutenburg loaned some money from friends and family members to invest in the manufacture of the world's first movable types which eventually gave birth to the world's frst Printing Press. This invention  will eventually lead to the popularisation of literacy. It was this era that McLuhan focused on. This era will give rise to books which in turn propagated reading around Europe and eventually around the world. The Gutenberg era gave rise to many ideologies including Socialism, individualism, Independence, Capitalism and even women rights.

When McLuhan wrote the book, Gutenbeg Galaxy, he spoke extensively about the Electronic era; that era was yet to be borne when he wrote his masterpiece in the early 60's. He stated that the "electrifying era" will take us back to interdependalism which is similar to the Oral era. He predicted that this era will turn the universe into a "global village". The term "global village" will eventually be one of the gains of McLuhan's book as it  refers to what the electronic media has turned our complex universe into.

The book has been renowned for its predictive insights as well as for its analysis of various periods that culminated into the Gutenberg era which was the era McLuhan was when he wrote the book. "The book could have wrtten by  anybody"... many critics including McLuha have attested to this fact but with McLuhan's mosaic authorship, the book would have been just  an ordinary book if it was written by just anybody. McLuhan picked different ideas from different sources to finally arrive with the "Gutenberg Galaxy".

Tuesday, August 17, 2010

CORRUPTION




By its nature corruption can be difficult to detect as it usually involves two or more people entering into a secret agreement. The agreement can be to pay a financial inducement to a public official for securing favour of some description in return.



Nigeria's government, police, civil services, and businesses are plagued by extortion, bribery, and other forms of corruption. While many point to a failure of leadership, corruption is largely a byproduct of an economy fueled almost exclusively by petroleum exports. With no vested interest in developing Nigeria's infrastructure and manufacturing sectors, the wealthy simply profit from oil while the nation falls ever deeper into economic chaos.The war against corrupt practices in Nigeria is like a war against Terrorism in the world. A lot of people have held their views on the present scourge of fighting the antics of corruption. Where some are fully in support others are against it. The fact remains, no meaningful society can grow amidst the monster called corruption. As Nigerians, we have been yarning for an economy that will savage our problems. The journey of curbing corruption will not attain its status quo over night.In a speech delivered by Mrs. Dorothy C. Chukwumah (C.S.N.) 28th march 2005 in warri township stadium Titled BRIBERY AS A MONSTER, certain pertinent issues were raised.


The topic (Bribery as a Monster) was appropriate because it related directly to the happenings and circumstances of our present day Nigeria.



What is then Bribery? Bribery is the act of giving, promising to give, inducing or influencing one with gifts, financial or otherwise with an aim of obtaining a favour most times undeservedly.


What is a Monster? A Monster is any imaginary, frightening creature, especially one which is large and strange.


From the above definitions, it follows that bribery which is always based on false promises and hopes invariably gives birth to very strange and ugly children or off springs that grow up to attack and destroy their parents. This in itself is not even natural.


Bribery is a Monster – in relationship to our economy:


Bribery destroys our economy as it gives back far less value for goods and


Intended services. Bribery destroys our economic well-being, makes the people poorer than they ought to be as it leads to undue inflation, thus lowering the standard of living of the populace. Bribery leads to capital flight and economic strangulation, thus eating deep and destroying the very foundation of the society. Do not give and do not accept bribe, because by so doing, you are infact giving a monster or accepting a monster into your home and into your business.


Bribery is a Monster – in relation to our Educational System:


Bribery in our educational system has given birth to the monster called “Expo” and other examination malpractices, which are presently destroying our value of education and making nonsense of our certificates. Bribery in our institution of learning, be it primary, secondary or tertiary will not produce the best brains in our society. Bribery would not produce graduates who would stand tall among equals and who would go on to make tangible and lasting contributions to the advancement of humanity. Do not give and do not accept bribe, because by so doing you are infact introducing virus into your Personal Computer (PC) and in no time, you would destroy and ruin your computer.



The war against bribery and corruption should not been see as a war of ethnicity. Viewing it as ethnic politics is tempting our nascent democracy trying to blow up the polity of the nation.

SAY NO TO CORRUPTION>>>

Monday, August 16, 2010

Goodluck had better watch it.

This is an appeal to the current President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The recent surge in his posters that are flooding various cities in Nigeria and the formulation of  a campaign organization for him coupled with his recent outburst that he doesn't want anybody doing PR him for shows that he is not truly in charge of his cabinet and the people around him. I pity him as he must be in a very tight conundrum right now.
Let me suggest what I think he should do, he should let his intentions be clear to all Nigerians, "I want to run for 2011 general elections" or "I'm not interested in running for the Presidential Elections holding next year". Secondly, he should ensure that he is in charge directly or indirectly of his campaign organization that's if he decides to run, any other campaign organization using his name to campaign for next year's General Election apart from the one he is aware should fished out and the perpetrators should be brought to book.
I do really pity this meek-looking Bayelsan because he doesn't know what Nigeria's politics is all about but he has also not helped matters by keeping quiet in the heat of most thorny issues, I think with his closeness to OBJ, we would soon start seeing what he has learned from the former General.

THE PROBLEM OF MATERIALISM



Recently, materiialism has become an isssue globally. People witrh dubious wealth flash their cash at every opportunity. Musicians and Politicians are also very actively involved in the propagation of the concept of materialism globally.
What can be done to curb this recent concept.?Nothing!!!! As long as people  keep getting money illegally by pushing drugs, stealing of money from goverment coffers and also by scamming people online, the issue of materialism will still be a major problem.

Parents should ensure that they teach their kids the true values of intellectualism and simplicity.

SOMALIA : FROM INSURGENCY TO PIRACY!!!!!



SOMALIA : FROM INSURGENCY TO PIRACY!!!!!

Pirates operating off Somalia's coast have started targeting vessels operated by Somali businessmen and carrying food - something which is leading to higher food prices in Mogadishu, according to traders.
"Up until a few weeks ago, they [pirates] avoided hijacking ships carrying cargo for Somali businesses but now it is different," Abdinasir Aw Kombe, a businessman whose boat was hijacked, told IRIN on 12 April.
He said pirates had hijacked nine vessels mostly carrying food in the last few weeks. He suspected the pirates would use the vessels to hijack other ships.
Owners of vessels used to ferry food to Somalia "are refusing to carry our goods", Kombe said. "This has created shortages of basic goods, such as rice, flour and sugar."
According to the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit a food security watchdog, more than 50 percent of the food consumed in the country is commercially imported.
The Unit said in its 2009/2010 post-'Deyr' (short rains from October to December) report that 542,000 tons of cereals were imported in 2009, of which 119,000 was food aid, while 423,000 was commercial.

Somalia faces a serious humanitarian crisis, with 42 percent of the population - an estimated 3.2 million people - in need of emergency humanitarian assistance and/or livelihood support until June 2010, according to UN agencies.
Kombe said tons of commodities meant for Mogadishu were sitting in Dubai warehouses for lack of transport. "We are paying warehouse charges and this ultimately adds to the cost," he said.
Prices up

Abdi Moalim, a food importer, said the prices of most food items had gone up.

"In March [2010], before the [food-targeted] hijackings, a 50kg bag of sugar cost US$30, today it is $34; wheat flour was selling at $18 [per 50kg bag] and now is selling at $22... The cost of a 50kg bag of rice is $28, compared to $25 in early March," he said.
Mogadishu has been the focus of fighting between government troops and insurgents opposed to the Transitional Federal Government.
Civil society activist Asha Sha'ur said the shortages and the consequent price increases are affecting the very poor.
"Everything is going up - rice, sugar, flour, cooking oil," she said, adding that many of the poor could barely afford to buy the basics. "Now they are being told to pay even more... The hijackings and the price increases are only adding to the woes of the very poor."


Sha'ur said lack of food aid, coupled with the current price increases, was making life even harder for Mogadishu residents.
"It seems that everything is conspiring against them... Even a small increase in prices erodes their capacity to buy the food they need. I don't know how many more knocks we can take."
Daily hot meals
As Mogadishu residents grapple with the price increases, aid agencies continue to offer some support to the most vulnerable.
The World Food Programme (WFP) said it was "providing daily hot meals to 80,000 mainly women and children at 16 locations across the city."


Relevant Links


WFP spokesman Marcus Prior said: "In addition, other mainly nutritional activities reach nearly 20,000 vulnerable people on a regular basis with food rations."
Ali Mohamed Siyad, chairman of Mogadishu's Bakara market traders, told IRIN pirate attacks were severing their sole lifeline. "If they continue attacking our ships they will completely cut our lifeline," he said.
Siyad said the worlds' navies were "a stone's throw away" from the Somali coast but were doing nothing to stop the criminals. "Sometimes I wonder if they [international forces] care whether our food is hijacked or not."

The African Child and Poverty in Africa



" I Have a Story to Tell,
 a story of lost hopes, dreams and aspirations of the African child in relation to Poverty in Africa".

Numbers are one thing, we see statistics and often do not stop to think that behind the numbers, behind the statistics, are living beings that are now on their own.  Children who lack most everything, deprived of hope, deprived of family, unable to live out a meaningful existence unless help comes fast but it takes years to reverse the present trends of AIDS infection .

One in 10 sub-Sahara African children are orphaned at the present time.  Orphan rates that are over 5% means that the local community, the family, extended family units are unable to help due to the overwhelming numbers.
 The only practical solution for the present and future situation is to enlist thousands of African families into providing foster care for such orphans.  Giving them the money needed for the basics for that child or children and allowing these orphans to grow up in a family structure where they are catered for, make a home and find the reasonable security and peace necessary during their growing up years. 






There is poverty in Africa but Africa has almost all it takes to be the richest continent on earth. The major problem facing Africa today is corruption and poor leadership.  There are greedy people in Africa including our leaders who don't care about their poor mothers, fathers, brothers and sisters.




Some people are too greedy and that is why Africa remains poor. People are killing their own brothers, sisters, mothers and fathers just to make money. People didn't care about yesterday and people don't even care about tomorrow. All they care about is money and money and that is why Africa remains poor.

Despite the challenges, there are signs of progress and more is achievable.  Importantly, Africa’s development agenda is increasingly African-led.  Improved partnerships between African and donor nations have resulted in increased aid flows being used more effectively.

The African Union (AU), supported by the donor community, is helping to deliver many of Africa’s pre-requisites for development; particularly in the areas of peace and security and governance.  The AU are developing the necessary structures and institutions to allow Africa to better prevent, manage, and resolve conflict in the region.

There has been a recent major shift in African effort to address the continents problems. The New Partnership for Africa’s development (NEPAD) and the AU aim to tackle HIV/AIDS, reduce poverty and sustain long-term economic growth. It’s committed to governance and promoting peace and security. Many countries are showing signs of progress towards democracy and governance. The African Union has established the Africa Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) as a voluntary self monitoring mechanism for states to conform to the agreed political, economic and corporate governance values. 24 countries have so far signed up to participate in the APRM.












I know poverty because poverty was there before I was born and it has become part of life like the blood through my veins.

 Poverty is not going empty for a single day and getting something to eat the next day. 

Poverty is going empty with no hope for the future. Poverty is getting nobody to feel your pain 

and poverty is when your dreams go in vain because nobody is there to help you. 

Poverty is watching your mothers, fathers, brothers and sisters die in pain and in sorrow just because they couldn't get something to eat.

Poverty is hearing your grandmothers and grandfathers cry out to death to come take them because they are tired of this world. 

Poverty is watching your own children and grandchildren die in your arms but there is nothing you can do. 

Poverty is watching your children and grandchildren share tears in their deepest sleep.

Poverty is suffering from HIV/AIDS and dying a shameful death but nobody seems to care. 

Poverty is when you hide your face and wish nobody could see you just because you feel less than a human being. 

Poverty is when you dream of bread and fish you never see in the day light.

Poverty is when people accuse you and prosecute you for no fault of yours but who is there to say something on your behalf?

Poverty is when the hopes of your fathers and grandfathers just vanish within a blink of an eye.  

I know poverty and I know poverty just like I know my father's name. 

Poverty never sleeps. Poverty works all day and night. 

Poverty never takes a holiday"            
(One Poor African)